Hanoi
Fourteen communal houses worshipping guild founders in the Old Quarter
Hanoi’s Old Quarter is home to communal houses dedicated to the patron saints of the guilds early on. Nowadays, there are still 14 communal houses dedicated to the guild patron saints.
Communal houses used to play a very important role in the Thang Long’s community.
Statistics shows that currently, the Old Quarter still has more than 60 communal houses out of an existing total of over 100 religious structures. The main function of the communal houses in the Old Quarter is to worship the tutelary god - the guardian of the people in the area. In addition, many of the communal houses were set up to honor the guild founders who left their home villages in four regions surrounding the capital to establish their businesses here.
 Kim Ngan communal house worshiping founder of the goldsmith guild. |
These temples have become common houses which treasured the quintessence of many craft villages in the northern region such as Bat Trang pottery village (Gia Lam, Hanoi), jewelry villages including Chau Khe (Hai Duong), Dong Xam (Thai Binh), Dinh Cong (Thanh Tri, Hanoi), carpentry villages in Phuong Lam, Cuc Bo (Hai Duong), Phung Cong (Thanh Oai, Hanoi), Ha Vi, Nhi Khe carving village, embroidery villages including Huong Duong, Quat Dong (Thuong Tin, Hanoi), Lieu Chang (Gia Loc, Hai Duong), Gioi Te bamboo and rattan craft village (Yen Phong, Bac Ninh), etc.
Most of the communal houses were built from the late Le dynasty to the Nguyen dynasty, bearing the typical architectural style of these periods. But in terms of architectural planning and space structure, they have different traits compared to the traditional communal houses in the countryside of the northern region.
Generally, the monuments in the Old Quarter are small, many owned by families who have to streamline the items, arrange neatly in a minimized scaled sapce. The communal houses features neither lake inside nor spacious front yard as they are usually seen in communal houses in the northern delta. As urban architecture, the communal houses usually feature tubular shape, small in size and narrow facade. The decoration of these communal houses in the Old Quarter are hard to be ranked as marvelous and incomparable to many communal houses in the northern delta such as those in Dinh Bang, Tay Dang, Chu Quyen. However, the ingenious and sophisticated folk carving have left a significant marks on the structural details of the temples.
Perhaps the harmony between the the communal houses and its terrain and the architectural features of surrounding streets is a crucial element that gives the Old Quarter the distinctive attraction. It creates a soft space transition and visual connections between the past, the present and the future.
